Vitamin D improves the ability of the body to absorb calcium. Many people get enough vitamin D from sunshine, but this may not be possible if your patient lives in a northern state, if they regularly use sunscreen, if they avoid the sun entirely, or if they are housebound. Take your patient for a walk in the sunshine whenever possible. Or, recommend a lamp that emits ultraviolet rays and is often used as a substitute for sunlight.

Osteoporosis has been called the “silent disease” because there are few obvious signs of this progressive bone disease until significant damage has occurred. By the time a fracture has occurred, the disease is already well-established. The biggest risk for patients with osteoporosis is falling and breaking a bone, which can lead to pain, suffering, depression, and social withdrawal. You, as their CNA or HHA, can do a lot to help them by getting rid of clutter in the home, removing area rugs, and training them in the correct use of assistive devices. Encouraging them to eat foods high in calcium and vitamin D, and to get regular weight-bearing exercise will strengthen their bones and boost their state of mind. As always, safety is key. Prevention of fractures is essential to preserving their quality of life.

Encourage residents to walk tall and use good posture, and avoid activities that may cause injury, such as twisting or bending too quickly, or lifting heavy objects. Help residents to move slowly. Even sudden movements like sneezing and coughing can cause fractures in residents with osteoporosis.

As always, be aware of your patients’ care plans. Work with the nurses on the floor and with family members at home; encourage communication and follow-up with any goals, such as increasing calcium in their diet or setting up an exercise program. Develop a routine with your resident, and promote their self-care. Maintaining a resident’s independence is important to their overall health. When an independent person becomes dependent, physical and mental problems may result.